Personlized Customer Service - 1160 Words

The old saying, â€Å"it’s not personal, it’s business† comes to mind when thinking about how to effectively run your business in this, and any, economy. What we should be thinking, and how we should be approaching our customers is, â€Å"it’s personal, it’s business†. People want to feel that extra touch of personalized service, and indeed, expect to be â€Å"wooed† in order to remain a customer. Regular customers want to be remembered when they walk into your store, they want to feel they belong. Consequently, calling them by name and making them feel welcome will set their shopping experience apart from all other stores they frequent. Essentially what we are trying to achieve is to get back to the way things were done before the obsession with big box†¦show more content†¦The main cost will be your time as an owner of a small business, researching the techniques and implementing them over time with your staff. EXAMPLES OF PERSONALIZED CUSTOMER SERVICE TECHNIQUES TO IMPLEMENT AT THE SMALL BEAN †¢ The staff is not on commission, consequently approach customers when they first enter the store, ask them how you can help them find a product, and let them signal how they want to be treated throughout their experience. Some people are independent, others need more guidance. Always be polite, open to new ideas, think creatively, and treat the customer as you yourself want to be treated. †¢ Once the customer has found their merchandise use this product to subtly upsell other products in the range and other complimentary pieces we have throughout the store. †¢ Since the products we sell are home and style based, learn to paint pictures of how not just one, but many, ensemble pieces may enhance the customers main choice. Examples; if the customer is selecting a throw pillow perhaps show them the line of colored glassware we just brought into the store that matches their selection, or display the new line of window coverings to â€Å"pull† the color throughout the room. Upselling and also showing the customer you are

The Financial Crisis Of 2007-2008 Essay - 2367 Words

When discussing the financial crisis of 2007-2008, it is incredibly important to discuss the relevance of the government bailout and organized sale of Bear Stearns. There is a large amount of discussion behind whether or not Bear Stearns, a large investment based financial institution, should have been bailed out by the US government. The decision to bail out and have a government-orchestrated sale of Bear Stearns was an incredibly complicated situation to discuss and there are parts of which cannot be understood and only inferred upon. Whether it be personal stake in decision, the desires of the country, or even the effects of the bailout, all play an effect on the opinions on whether or not Bear Stearns should have been saved through government intervention. In addition, we are left with several other factors to discuss, such as what motivation was there for a bailout and who benefited by the sale of Bear Stearns? Before these questions can truly be answered however; the events, c hoices, and people involved with the fall and sale of the major player in the subprime mortgage crisis must be discussed to fully discuss what is being dealt with. The failure of Bear Stearns was a large number of failures working towards a much larger failure. As a whole, the failure and bailout of Bear Stearns was entirely revolved around the 2007 subprime mortgage crisis. The subprime mortgage crisis was a major contributor to the financial crisis of December 2007 to June 2009 and wasShow MoreRelatedThe Financial Crisis Of 2007-20081389 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most devastating aspects of the financial crisis of 2007-2008 to middle-class America was the crash of the housing market. Millions of Americans were affected and faced foreclosures on homes that were purchased with subprime mortgages. The impact of these mortgages varied state to state. Nevada, one of the countries leading tourist destinations, led the market in foreclosure rates and housing appraisal drops. The government s false sense of security in regards to the economy and theRead More2007-2008 Financial Crisis1327 Words   |  6 PagesThe Global Financial Crisis of 20 07-2008 The Global Financial Crisis 2007-2008 Economists and scholars spend years dissecting financial markets and evaluating the causes of booms and busts. Throughout United States history there have been multiple economic booms that were underestimated and followed by recessions. In the situation of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis many culprits have been identified as causes, such as loose monetary policy, credit booms, deregulation, over complexity,Read MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 2007-2008994 Words   |  4 Pages The subprime financial crisis of 2007-2008 was brought on by much more than unethical traders. It consisted of multiple variables: the deterioration in financial institutions’ balance sheets, asset price decline, increase in interest rates, and an increase in market ambiguity. This in turn led to the worsening of the adverse selection and moral hazard situation in the market, which led to a decline in economic activity, bringing forth the banking crisis. After the banking crisis, an unanticipatedRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 2007 / 2008 Essay808 Words   |  4 PagesThe financial crisis of 2007/2008 had a negative impact on the UK economy, resulting in low growth and high level of unemployment while inflation constantly remained above the 2% target. In those extraordinary circumstances focus of monetary policy had to be on growth rather than reaching inflation target, resulting in gradual reduction of the Bank rate from 5.75% in middle of 2007 to its lowest level of 0.5% in the beginning of 2009 (BoE, 2014). Although, a low interest rate led to significant depreciationRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 2007-20081419 Words   |  6 Pagesthe recent credit crunch. The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the Global Financial Crisis and 2008 financial crisis, is considered by some economists such as Nouriel Roubini, professor of economics and international business at New York University, Kenneth Rogoff, professor of economics and public policy at Harvard University, and Nariman Behravesh, chief economist and executive vice president for IHS Global Insight, to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression ofRead MoreThe Financial Crisis of 2007-2008541 Words   |  2 PagesThe financial crisis of 2007-2008 had more sounding effects on financial institutions even greater than the crisis brought about by the stocks downfall in the 1990’s. The reason for this is that the financial institutions were at the centre of the whole crisis. And financial institutions being one of the key pillars in a country’s economy, the crisis was bound to have a big effect in US as a whole. So, in order to understand wha t rely happened, it is wise to go through the paper written by NicholasRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 2007-2008928 Words   |  4 PagesDefine: Introduction The Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 was considered to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression in the decade preceding World War II. The Global Financial Crisis threatened large range of the financial organizations. Although the central banks and other banks were trying to keep away from the crisis, the stock market still suffered a huge decline internationally. 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Even if bailouts of banks by national governments prevented the collapse of major financial institutions, worldwide stock markets continued to drop. Evictions and foreclosures overwhelmed the housing market while severed unemployment embraced the labor market (Baily and Elliot, 2009). This global financial crisis was responsible for the decline in the consumers’ wealth, andRead MoreEffects Of The Financial Crisis Of 2007-20081763 Words   |  8 PagesFinancial crisis of 2007-2008 is widely considered to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of 1930s. The origin of this big storm dated back to the high home prices of the United States. After America’s entire investment banking system was attacked, many industries such as auto industry also went bankrupt. Unfortunately, it spread quickly to the whole world, causing huge damages to the global economy. Therefore, my study will focus on the effects of the financial crisis of 2007-2008

Stakeholder Relationship Management Approach

Question: Discuss about the Stakeholder Relationship Management Approach. Answer: Introduction: In his review on the management of stakeholder relationship as risk approaches in tourism and hospitality, Nicola (2016) denotes that tourism and hotel industry seems to be reluctant in the profound implementation as well as structured crisis concepts of risk management. Responses to risks and crisis situations are often ad-hoc and intuitive while the rate of the worldwide environment, technological, social, as well as other crises, are perceived to be a constant increase. However, nothing much tends to be done except the instant broadcasting by the internet and media in the cases of occurrences. The study as well points out that with competition in almost all categories, destination, and conceptions within the industry, the management of most hotels often fail to show stakeholder trustworthiness that can enable then gain competitive advantage within the industry. In his study, Nocola (2016) aimed at evaluating the integrated crisis management approaches and models adopted within the hotel industry and the derivation of stakeholder relationship approaches in managing the crisis. It was also aimed at evaluating the compilation of various underlying forms set for the individualization of integrated models of crisis management, an objective that would help in developing a content interview certificate scheme on experts that can be applied in managing other forms of crises within the industry. The study conducted a semi-structured interview on experts within the industry focusing on hotel and tourism managers to determine the status quo of the applied crisis management approaches. Questionnaires were also used in three groups of stakeholders i.e. hotel guests, internal hotel stakeholders, and destination managers to evaluate the stakeholder demands and perceptions towards crisis approaches. The study also adopted both qualitative and quantitative data analysis with subsequent data interpretation methods so as to effectively develop an integrated approach based on the results of the collected data. In the end, Nicole (2016) concluded that both empirical approaches and literature review on contemporary issues related to crises and risks influencing the global hotel and tourism industry lacks scientific research taking into account the approach of stakeholder relationship management. Most of the hotels and tourism sectors globally are only willing to invest in the implementation approaches after the occurrences of a crisis while little care is given towards prevention measures. However, varieties of aspects seem indispensable in the modern hotel management indicating that the potential knowledge acquisition is promising. In their study, Luo, Wan, and Liang (2016) focused on the risk management of the supply chain within the tourism industry. According to the study, the high level of the supply chain management complexities, as well as the inherent risks existing in the demand and supply of resources, are understood to be the primary limiting factors that affect the tourism and hotel industries from achieving high performance in the global market. Despite the fact that emerging literature on risk management in tourism and hotel industry or its equivalent exists, there is uneven progress in the area since most research tend to focus on traditional single business risk perspectives of management. However, they do not consider the entire range of various suppliers involved in the consumption or provision of tourism products. Therefore, Luo, Wan, and Liang (2016) apply a risk management theory to new research perspectives on tourism and supply chain management as an approach to solving the related contemp orary risks and crises within the industry. The study hence develops a design framework of a multi-agent based decision system of support based on the related theories and techniques in managing disruptions as well as mitigating risks in tourism and supply chain. Similar to any other industry, the hotel and tourism industry is globally susceptible to risks and crises. These risks and crises manifest themselves in different forms that can cause a disastrous consequence on the effective performance of the industry. For instance, Luo, Wan, and Liang (2016) denote that supply chain risks are implemented in some industries while drawing a widespread research attention within the tourism and hotel industry as well. In their study, Luo, Wan, and Liang (2016) focused on reviewing the different literature on the general concept of supply chain risk management in tourism and finally propose a multi-agent based framework that is based on the foundation of effective collaborative risk management. They concluded that there is a need for the adoption of risk management systems on the supply chain that is focused on utilizing previous successful cases of risk management. The system should also be focused on the utilization of expert knowledge and experience in achieving the advantages of human-machine interaction in solving supply chain management issues within the global hotel and tourism management industry. In their study, Lam and Voellm (2016) denote that Brexit for several years has become a household name in the European countries and beyond as being the withdrawal of the United Kingdom out of the European Union. At the point of decision-making, the European were required to vote on whether to stay or leave the Union and the result was its exit as 51.9% supported the exit while only 48.1% of the voters desired that the UK remains in the European Union. The study also denotes that the move has affected different industries within the UK both positively and negatively with most industries such as the hotel and tourism facing a drastic negative risk and impacts on their businesses. The effects now require the UK to take action on major changes as a result of the significant amount of uncertainty surrounding the prowess of its future economies in its major industries such as the manufacturing, transport, health, and tourism. According to the study, tourism and hotel industry is very important for the welfare of the economy but it outbound or inbounds travel. With the existence of Brexit, the tourism sector has since experienced 13.9% decrease in effectiveness and performance within the UK, a sign of insecurity and worry by investors and tourists on the related risks and uncertainties of the economy. For instance, Asia is exerting a gravitational pull on the industry by constantly attracting travelers from the international arena while tourism sector is evolving in both leisure and corporate segments. The resulting impact is that many international destinations are establishing their share in the British outbound leisure market as they develop respective economies and tourism for foreigners in capturing both business and leisure demands. Instead, the UK economies are depreciating and facing a global crisis of foreign travelers due to changes in industrial policies as well as investors regulations hence ca using a crisis in the smooth flow of tourism activities. While still in the Union, the UK enjoyed a strong spending power overseas while the strength of the British Pound opened up opportunities to a broader part of foreign travel and activities that boosted the tourism and hotel industry in Europe. However, exit from the union resulted in a devolution process that reduced the economic strength of the currency and reduced the lifestyle maintenance for many target customers within the hotel and tourism industry. Lam and Voellm point out that an increase in price sensitivity has caused a slow picking-up process for the tourism industry hence affecting even the general economies of scale in the global arena as hotel and tourism industry unites the global business and foreign investment. In their study, Liu et al. (2016) point out that tourism is among the most vulnerable and susceptible industries across the globe. These risks and vulnerabilities can threaten and affect or even damage the reputation of the attraction or destinations thus negatively affecting the perception of consumers. The increase in the number of risks and crises in the tourism and hotel sector has resulted in the growth of literature and research surrounding the topic. With technological advancements, the social media has been used in disseminating crisis-related information while engaging stakeholders in practices of crisis management as well as communicating with customers. As a result, Liu et al. (2016) focus their studies on the growing infestation of bed bugs in the US hotel sectors and how the crisis is addressed in the social media. The study points out that New York City is among the top tourism destinations that are overwhelmed by the infestation of bed bugs that have emerged a major crisis to the hospitality industry regardless of the star ratings of the hotels, their locations, or even ranking. Given the growing problem of bed bug infestation, the study focused on understanding how the social media framed the crisis by customers and travelers as well as the impacts it had on the hospitality experience in the tourism sector. The study identified four general narrative frames as well as 14 sub-frames in the analysis that confirmed that bed bugs had become a real and growing concern for customers. As a result, the local customers and foreign travelers are using the social media platforms to share and report their bed bug experiences. From the opinions and experiences discussed, the hotel and tourism stakeholders and managers organize on the best methods of addressing the issue with a quick response to a concern that when not addressed can destroy the reputation and general performance of the industry. References Nicola, M 2016, Crisis management within the hotel industry A stakeholder relationship management approach Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7 (2006), 2738, viewed 2 June 2016 Luo, B, Wan, L, Liang, L 2016, 'A Multi-Agent-Based Research on Tourism Supply Chain Risk Management,'Journal Of Advanced Manufacturing Systems, 13, 3, pp. 133-153, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 22 December 2016. Lam, L, Voellm, D 2016, 'Brexit and Travel: The risks and crises of a tourism downturn in Asia,'HVS Global Hospitality Report, pp. 1-5, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 22 December 2016. Liu, B, Lori, P, Donohoe, H (2016), New York City Bed Bug Crisis as Framed by Tourists on Tripadvisor NewYork Times Journal on Tourism Analysis, 20(2)DOI: 10.3727/108354215X14265319207597, Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278851517_New_York_City_Bed_Bug_Crisis_as_Framed_by_Tourists_on_Tripadvisor

Movie Comparison Romeo and Juliet Essay Example For Students

Movie Comparison Romeo and Juliet Essay Shakespeare is one of the greatest poets to ever walk this earth with his great playwrights and poems. Famous for many, one that includes Romeo and Juliet. He shall never be forgotten and to assure that Baz Luhrmann, the director of the Romeo and Juliet ? movie starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes has used his great skill with his intentions to modernize Romeo Juliet. Baz created a fresher version to keep the audience of this generation entertained, yet allowing us to appreciate Shakespeares marvelous work with a few twists here and there. Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeares tragic drama of the star-crossed young lovers Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet. In the movie Luhrmann has cut off a few lines and partial roles to make the movie how it is today. The lines that were cut off were replaced with visuals yet there are two major key events that were largely affected by the change which include when the two love birds first meet at the masquerade ball and second their death scene, the last moment they had together. The masquerade ball was taken at the Capulets home. We will write a custom essay on Movie Comparison Romeo and Juliet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This scene includes the dramatic moment when the lovebirds first cross-eyes together. Luharmann had adapted many elements from the original play in the Capulet ball scene yet left out a few. In the book the scene where they first meet was at the masquerade ball. Where everyone wore masks, was formally dressed, there was peaceful music which expressed that it was a formal and high-class event. Where as in the movie it was adapted to partys nowadays, a wild party with costumes, alcohol and very loud music. In the book Shakespeare used dialogue to express each character but in the movie they used costume to express each character. Each costume leads you to understand their personality. The whole scene starts off when the Montagues enter the party uninvited. Setting in this scene was very important, in the movie the ball was help in an enormous mansion with very modern features yet in the book it was taken also at the Capulets home but it was less developed. Music was a major factor in this scene, the music started off with a wild song, which welcomed them and put everyone in the mood and in the movie. The plot had very few changes. In the movie Romeo was given drugs by Benvolio, which led to Romeo forgetting about Rosaline. Yet in the play he was given advice from Benvolio. Another factor in the plot is when Romeo first catches his eyes on Juliet. The music is calm and romantic he sees her through a water tank but in the book he sees her through the mask while she is dancing with Paris. The water tank was some type of mask. The death scene, the final part is the most important scene. In that scene the church was covered in beautiful fresh flowers surrounding her, the entire room lit up with candles, and many crosses to symbolize her religion. In the play though Romeo finds Juliet at the graveyard in the dark. Props are also a key feature, in the movie Juliet shoots herself with a gun but in the original play it was a dagger. The finale returned to the television when breaking out such major news, which is another difference from the original play because in the play it was a chorus who spoke but in the movie it was by the news again to make it more modern and a better comparison for the audience. .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db , .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .postImageUrl , .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db , .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db:hover , .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db:visited , .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db:active { border:0!important; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db:active , .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uade93686813035801c4bb216bf62c2db:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Reaction Paper - 12 Years a SlaveThe plot was hugely affected to make the movie more dramatic, in the play Friar John failed to send the fax to Romeo but in the movie the mailman couldnt deliver the message to Romeo. Another change is when Romeo is buying the poison from the Apothecary he was also being chased by the police, they found out that Romeo was in Verona and chased all the way to the church. Adding to that Romeo uses a hostage and holds up a gun to his head, which also adds up to the tension in this scene. This scene included a large portion of camera effects especially during the car chase to make it more dramatic between Romeo and the police. During the car chase scene it was an opera music it started of with high volume then decreased it low volume when Romeo entered the church and saw Juliet, then when he got closer to Juliet the music became louder and lower which expresses the mood changes and the tension in the air. He then puts the ring on her finger, which symbolizes that not even death breaks the bond of the two. Also Juliet opens her eyes and actually wakes up while Romeo is drinking the poison and touches him the second he drinks it which creates an insane amount of tension to the audience and leaves you with may what if? questions. Until the last moment youre thinking its going to be happily ever after and theyre going to run away together. After the death scene though they show them happy moments of the both of them with an advanced camera movement (montage) expressing that they will be united together again in heaven. In the ending of the play the two families united through the deaths. In the movie, that scene was cut off due to it being irrelevant which made it seem more tragic. Luhrmann successfully transferred the movie to a modern version. He also managed to keep the Shakespeare story alive yet keep it fresh and interesting for nowadays viewers. Translating Shakespeares work into a movie is hard to do because Shakespeares writing is so powerful and full of meaning, Its almost impossible to be done. Though in some ways, I rathered the book because it included a lot more detail. Overall it was a well done movie and greatly translated.

She Unnames Them by Ursula Le Guin, an Analysis

'She Unnames Them' by Ursula Le Guin, an Analysis Ursula K. Le Guin, a writer predominantly of science fiction and fantasy, was awarded the 2014 National Book Foundation Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters. She Unnames Them, a work of flash fiction, takes its premise from the Biblical book of Genesis, in which Adam names the animals. The story originally appeared in The New Yorker in 1985, where it is available to subscribers.  A free audio version of the author reading her story is also available. Genesis If youre familiar with the Bible, youll know that in Genesis 2:19-20, God creates the animals, and Adam chooses their names: And out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam would call every living creature, that was the name thereof. So Adam gave names to all cattle, to the birds of the air, and to every beast of the field. As Adam sleeps, God takes one of his ribs and forms a companion for Adam, who chooses her name (woman) just as he has chosen names for the animals. Le Guins story reverses the events described here, as Eve unnames the animals one by one. Who Tells the Story? Even though the story is very short, its divided into two separate sections. The first section is a third-person account explaining how the animals react to their unnaming. The second section switches to the first person, and we realize that the story all along has been told by Eve (though the name Eve is never used). In this section, Eve describes the effect of unnaming the animals and narrates her own unnaming.   Whats in a Name? Eve clearly views names as a way to control and categorize others. In returning the names, she rejects the uneven power relations of having Adam in charge of everything and everybody. So, She Unnames Them is a defense of the right to self-determination. As Eve explains to the cats, the issue was precisely one of individual choice. It is also a story about tearing down barriers. Names serve to emphasize the differences between the animals, but without names, their similarities become more evident. Eve explains: They seemed far closer than when their names had stood between myself and them like a clear barrier. Though the story focuses on the animals, Eves own unnaming is ultimately more important. The story is about power relations between men and women. The story rejects not just the names, but also the subservient relationship indicated in Genesis, which portrays women like a smaller part of men, given that they were formed from Adams rib. Consider that Adam declares, She shall be called Woman,/Because she was taken out of Man in Genesis. She Unnames Them Analysis Much of Le Guins language in this story is beautiful and evocative, often evoking the characteristics of the animals as an antidote to simply using their names. For example, she writes: The insects parted with their names in vast clouds and swarms of ephemeral syllables buzzing and stinging and humming and flitting and crawling and tunneling away. In this section, her language almost paints an image of the insects, forcing readers to look closely and think about the insects, how they move, and how they sound. And this is the point where the story ends. The final message is if we choose our words carefully, well have to stop taking it all for granted and really consider the world - and the beings - around us. Once Eve herself considers the world, she must necessarily leave Adam. Self-determination, for her, is more than just choosing her name; its choosing her life.  Ã‚   The fact that Adam doesnt listen to Eve and instead asks her when dinner will be served might seem a little clichà ©d to 21st-century readers. But it still serves to represent the casual thoughtlessness of taking it all for granted that the story, at every level, asks readers to work against. After all, unname isnt even a word, so right from the beginning, Eve has been imagining a world that is unlike the one we know. Sources Genesis 2:19. The Holy Bible, Berean Study Bible, Bible Hub, 2018. Genesis 2:23. The Holy Bible, Berean Study Bible, Bible Hub, 2018. Le Guin, Ursula K. She Unnames Them. The New Yorker, January 21, 1985.

Conversation Using Reported Speech Lesson Plans

Conversation Using Reported Speech Lesson Plans Reported speech is also known as indirect speech and is commonly used in spoken conversations to report what others have said. A keen grasp of correct tense usage, as well as the ability to correctly shift pronouns and time expressions, is essential when using  reported speech. The use of reported speech is especially important at higher English levels. Students  are fine-tuning their communication skills to include expressing the ideas of others, as well as their own opinions. Students usually need to focus not only on the grammar involved but also on production skills. Reported speech includes some rather tricky transformations that need to be practiced repeatedly before students feel comfortable using reported speech in everyday conversations. Finally, make sure to point out that reported speech is generally used with the verbs say and tell in the past.   Hell help him with the homework. - She told me he would help me with my homework.   However, if the reporting verb is conjugated in the present tense, no reported speech changes are necessary. Im going to Seattle next week. - Peter says hes going to Seattle next week.   Lesson Outline Aim: Developing reported speech grammar and productions skills Activity: Introduction and written reporting activity, followed by spoken practice in the form of a questionnaire Level: Upper-intermediate Outline: Introduce/review reported speech by making simple statements and asking students to report what you have said. Make sure to emphasize reporting in the past (i.e., the teacher said, NOT the teacher says)Provide review sheet of principle reported speech transitions (included in lesson printout pages)Have students get into pairs and convert the reported speech paragraph into the direct speech form.Correct worksheet as a class.Ask students to divide up into new pairs and ask each other questions from the questionnaire. Remind them to take notes on what their partners say.Have students divide into new pairs and ask them to report what they have learned about the other students to their new partner (i.e., John said he had lived in Breubach for two years).Follow-up with class conversation focusing on problematic tense transformations. Reported Speech Study the following chart carefully. Notice how reported speech is one step back into the past from direct speech. Tense Quote Reported Speech present simple I play tennis on Fridays. He said he played tennis on Fridays. present continuous Theyre watching TV. She said they were watching TV. present perfect Shes lived in Portland for ten years. He told me she had lived in Portland for ten years. present perfect continuous Ive been working for two hours. He told me he had been working for two hours. past simple I visited my parents in New York. She told me she had visited her parents in New York. past continuous They were preparing dinner at 8 oclock. He told me they had been preparing dinner at 8 oclock. past perfect I had finished in time. He told me he had finished in time. past perfect continuous She had been waiting for two hours. She said she had been waiting for two hours. future with will Ill see them tomorrow. He said he would see them the next day. future with going to Were going to fly to Chicago. He told me they were going to fly to Chicago. Reported Speech Reference Time Expression Changes Time expressions such as at the moment are also changed when using reported speech. Here are some of the most common changes: at the moment / right now / now -  at that moment / at that time Were watching TV right now. - She told me they were watching TV at that time. yesterday - the previous day / the day before I bought some groceries yesterday. - He told me he had bought some groceries the previous day. tomorrow - the following day / the next day Shell be at the party tomorrow. - She told me she would be at the party the next day. Exercise 1: Put the following paragraph in the reported speech into the  conversational form using direct speech  (quotes). Peter introduced me to Jack who said he was pleased to meet me. I replied that it was my pleasure  and that I hoped Jack was enjoying his stay in Seattle. He said he thought Seattle was a beautiful city, but that it rained too much. He said that he had been staying at the Bayview Hotel for three weeks and that it hadnt stopped raining since he had arrived. Of course, he said, this wouldnt have surprised him if it hadnt been July! Peter replied that he should have brought warmer clothes. He then continued by saying that he was going to fly to Hawaii the following week, and he that he couldnt wait to enjoy some sunny weather. Both Jack and I commented that Peter was a lucky person indeed. Exercise 2: Ask your partner the following questions making sure to take good notes. After you have finished the questions, find a new partner and report what you have learned about your first partner using reported speech. What is your favorite sport and how long have you been playing/doing it?What are your plans for your next vacation?How long have you known your best friend? Can you give me a description of him/her?What kind of music do you like? Have you always listened to that kind of music?What did you use to do when you were younger that you dont do anymore?Do you have any predictions about the future?Can you tell me what you do on a typical Saturday afternoon?What were you doing yesterday at this time?Which two promises will you make concerning learning English?

Ethnic Identity in Social, Political and Economic Life Coursework

Ethnic Identity in Social, Political and Economic Life - Coursework Example The value of ethnic identity in the context of social, political and economic life is reviewed in this paper. Efforts are made so that the influence of ethnic identity on ethnic affiliations is clearly described. The various assumptions developed in regard to this issue, as identified in the relevant literature, are compared. It is made clear that ethnic identity is a core part of modern social, political and economic life but its power to influence key social, political and economic decisions worldwide is differentiated, a fact probably related to the different perceptions of people in each state in regard to the context of ethnic identity and its requirements, meaning the terms under which ethnic identity can be considered as secured. Also, different levels of freedom exist internationally in regard to the potential limitations of ethnic identity, a fact leading often too severe social, political and economic conflicts, either in the internal and the external environment of modern states.   The representation of ethnic identity in a variety of social, political and economic activities is extensive. Moreover, the literature published in this field leads to the assumption that the forms of ethnic identity in social, political and economic life can vary. Reference can be made for instance to the relationship between identity and language. In accordance with Fishman and Garcia (2010), identity is reflected in a series of identity practices, including specific linguistic choices (Fishman and Garcia 40). These identify practices, if viewed as a unit, constitute ethnicity, as a social phenomenon.